PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI NASABAH YANG MENYIMPAN DANA PADA PERUSAHAAN PERDAGANGAN DERIVATIF MELALUI TRANSAKSI ONLINE

Abstrak

Perkembangan perdagangan derivatif secara online membawa kemudahan dan peluang keuntungan bagi masyarakat, namun juga menimbulkan risiko hukum, terutama terkait keamanan dana nasabah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi nasabah serta tanggung jawab perusahaan pialang dalam transaksi derivatif online di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus, mengacu pada Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 2011 tentang Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi, Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen, dan Peraturan BAPPEBTI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum nasabah dilakukan melalui pendekatan preventif dan represif. Perlindungan preventif mencakup kewajiban penyimpanan dana nasabah di rekening terpisah, transparansi informasi, dan pengawasan Bappebti untuk mencegah kerugian. Perlindungan represif diberikan melalui hak nasabah menuntut ganti rugi, pengaduan, mediasi, arbitrase, serta sanksi administratif dan pidana terhadap pialang yang melanggar ketentuan. Tanggung jawab hukum perusahaan pialang meliputi kewajiban kontraktual, tunggung jawab perdata, dan pidana. Studi ini menegaskan bawah integrasi perlindungan preventif dan represif memberikan kepastian hukum, meningkatkan keamanan dana nasabah, serta mendorong praktik tata kelola yang transparan dan akuntabel di pasar derivatif online.

The development of online derivatives trading brings convenience and profit opportunities to the public, but also poses legal risks, especially related to the safety of customer funds. This research aims to analyze the form of legal protection for customers and the responsibilities of brokerage firms in online derivatives transactions in Indonesia. The research method used is normative law with legislative, conceptual, and case approaches, referring to Law Number 10 of 2011 concerning Commodity Futures Trading, the Consumer Protection Law, and the BAPPEBTI Regulation. The results of the study show that legal protection of customers is carried out through preventive and repressive approaches. Preventive protection includes the obligation to keep customer funds in segregated accounts, information transparency, and Bappebti's supervision to prevent losses. Repressive protection is provided through the customer's right to demand compensation, complaints, mediation, arbitration, as well as administrative and criminal sanctions against brokers who violate the provisions. The legal responsibilities of a brokerage firm include contractual obligations, civil liability, and criminal liability. This study emphasizes that the integration of preventive and repressive protection provides legal certainty, improves the safety of customer funds, and encourages transparent and accountable governance practices in the online derivatives market.