EFEKTIVITAS PENDISTRIBUSIAN DANA ZAKAT PRODUKTIF DI BADAN AMIL ZAKAT NASIONAL KOTA JAMBI

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas pendistribusian dana zakat produktif di Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) Kota Jambi, baik dari segi sistem penyaluran, pencapaian tujuan program, maupun faktor pendukung dan penghambat yang dihadapi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pihak BAZNAS dan mustahik, observasi langsung dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendistribusian dana zakat produktif di BAZNAS Kota Jambi sudah berjalan sesuai prosedur, namun efektivitasnya masih rendah. Hal ini disebabkan oleh keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, kurangnya sistem pendampingan dan pelatihan usaha, serta lemahnya pengawasan pasca penyaluran. Faktor pendukung efektivitas program adalah adanya komitmen lembaga dalam mengembangkan program pemberdayaan serta potensi zakat yang besar di Kota Jambi. Sedangkan faktor penghambat meliputi minimnya SDM, keterbatasan anggaran untuk program produktif, serta rendahnya literasi keuangan sebagian besar mustahik.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the distribution of productive zakat funds at the National Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) of Jambi City, both in terms of the distribution system, the achievement of program goals, as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors faced. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews with BAZNAS and mustahik, direct observation and documentation. The results of the study show that the distribution of productive zakat funds at BAZNAS Jambi City has been running according to procedures, but the effectiveness is still low. This is due to limited human resources, lack of business mentoring and training systems, and weak post-distribution supervision. The supporting factor for the effectiveness of the program is the commitment of the institution in developing empowerment programs and the great potential for zakat in Jambi City. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors include the lack of human resources, limited budgets for productive programs, and low financial literacy, most of the mustahik.