DINAMIKA PERAN REPRESENTATIF BADAN PERMUSYAWARATAN DESA (BPD) DALAM MENGAWASI PENYALURAN BANTUAN SOSIAL DI DESA NAILANG, KABUPATEN ALOR

Abstrak

Penelitian ini berjudul Dinamika Peran Representatif Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam Mengawasi Penyaluran Bantuan Sosial di Desa Nailang, Kabupaten Alor. Rumusan masalah dalam penulisan ini adalah: Bagaimana dinamika peran representatif BPD dalam mengawasi penyaluran bantuan sosial Rumah Layak Huni dan MCK di Desa Nailang? Dan faktor-faktor apa yang mempengaruhi jalinan hubungan kekuasaan dalam proses pemberian bantuan yang tidak tepat sasaran? Teori yang digunakan adalah teori representasi, pengawasan, dan kepemimpinan situasional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data primer diperoleh dari informan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan data sekunder berasal dari dokumen-dokumen yang berkaitan dengan variabel penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Fungsi representasi BPD dilaksanakan melalui penampungan aspirasi masyarakat, penyaluran aspirasi kepada pemerintah desa, dan pembelaan kepentingan masyarakat, namun terhambat oleh keterbatasan kuota bantuan yang hanya mencakup 20 KK dari 451 KK miskin. 2) Bentuk pengawasan BPD dilakukan secara langsung melalui kunjungan lapangan dan pemantauan pembangunan, serta secara tidak langsung melalui evaluasi laporan dan musyawarah desa. 3) Hambatan yang dihadapi BPD bersifat struktural berupa keterbatasan kewenangan dan regulasi nasional yang ketat, serta hambatan relasional berupa perbedaan orientasi antara BPD dan pemerintah desa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa peran representatif BPD dalam mengawasi penyaluran bantuan sosial di Desa Nailang telah berjalan namun belum optimal, yang diukur melalui tiga aspek: fungsi representasi, bentuk pengawasan, serta hambatan yang dihadapi BPD.

This research is entitled The Dynamics of the Representative Role of the Village Consultative Body (BPD) in Overseeing the Distribution of Social Assistance in Nailang Village, Alor Regency. The research problems addressed are: How do the dynamics of the BPD's representative role work in overseeing the distribution of social assistance for habitable housing and MCK? And what factors influence the power relationships in the process of misallocated assistance? The theoretical frameworks used are representation theory, oversight theory, and situational leadership theory. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method. Primary data were obtained from informants through interviews, observation, and documentation, while secondary data were derived from documents related to the research variables. The findings indicate that: 1) The BPD's representative function is carried out through community aspiration gathering, channeling aspirations to the village government, and advocating for community interests, yet constrained by limited aid quotas covering only 20 households out of 451 poor households. 2) BPD oversight takes both direct forms through field visits and construction monitoring, and indirect forms through report evaluation and village deliberations. 3) Obstacles faced by BPD are structural, including limited authority and strict national regulations, as well as relational, reflecting differences in orientation between BPD and the village government. Based on the analysis, the author concludes that the BPD's representative role in overseeing social assistance distribution in Nailang Village has been underway but has not yet reached its full potential, measured through three aspects: the representative function, forms of oversight, and obstacles faced by the BPD.