EFEKTIVITAS KOMIK DIGITAL BERBANTUAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL TERHADAP LITERASI MEMBACA DAN APRESIASI SASTRA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

Abstrak

Literasi membaca dan apresiasi sastra merupakan kompetensi penting dalam pendidikan sekolah dasar karena berkaitan dengan kemampuan memahami informasi, menginterpretasikan teks, membangun respons terhadap karya sastra, serta memahami nilai yang terkandung di dalamnya. Namun, pembelajaran literasi dan sastra masih menghadapi tantangan berupa rendahnya keterlibatan siswa terhadap bahan bacaan konvensional dan belum optimalnya integrasi konteks budaya dalam bahan pembelajaran. Perkembangan media digital dan Artificial Intelligence (AI) membuka peluang pengembangan komik digital yang lebih visual, kontekstual, dan adaptif terhadap karakteristik peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas komik digital berbantuan Artificial Intelligence berbasis kearifan lokal terhadap literasi membaca dan apresiasi sastra siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan mengadaptasi alur PRISMA. Literatur diperoleh dari artikel ilmiah yang diterbitkan pada rentang 2020–2026 dan memiliki relevansi dengan komik digital, Artificial Intelligence, literasi membaca, apresiasi sastra, pendidikan dasar, dan kearifan lokal. Analisis dilakukan melalui identifikasi, seleksi, pengelompokan, dan sintesis temuan penelitian terdahulu. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa komik digital memiliki potensi positif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan membaca dan keterlibatan siswa karena mengintegrasikan teks, visual, dan alur naratif. Integrasi kearifan lokal memperkuat relevansi kontekstual media serta memberikan ruang bagi siswa untuk mengenali nilai budaya melalui aktivitas membaca dan apresiasi sastra. Sementara itu, pemanfaatan AI memberikan peluang dalam pengembangan ilustrasi dan konten visual yang lebih variatif, meskipun penggunaannya tetap memerlukan validasi pedagogis, budaya, etis, dan manusia. Berdasarkan sintesis literatur, komik digital berbantuan AI berbasis kearifan lokal berpotensi menjadi media pembelajaran yang efektif untuk mengintegrasikan literasi membaca dan apresiasi sastra, tetapi bukti empiris yang secara simultan menguji kedua capaian tersebut masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penelitian eksperimental lebih lanjut untuk menguji efektivitasnya secara langsung.

Reading literacy and literary appreciation are important competencies in elementary school education because they relate to the ability to understand information, interpret texts, develop responses to literary works, and understand the values contained therein. However, literacy and literature learning still faces challenges in the form of low student engagement with conventional reading materials and suboptimal integration of cultural contexts into learning materials. The development of digital media and Artificial Intelligence (AI) opens up opportunities to develop digital comics that are more visual, contextual, and adaptive to student characteristics. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of digital comics assisted by local wisdom-based Artificial Intelligence on reading literacy and literary appreciation in elementary school students. The study used the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method by adapting the PRISMA flow. Literature was obtained from scientific articles published between 2020 and 2026 and were relevant to digital comics, Artificial Intelligence, reading literacy, literary appreciation, elementary education, and local wisdom. The analysis was carried out through identification, selection, grouping, and synthesis of previous research findings. The results of the study indicate that digital comics have positive potential in improving reading skills and student engagement because they integrate text, visuals, and narrative flow. The integration of local wisdom strengthens the contextual relevance of media and provides space for students to recognize cultural values through reading activities and literary appreciation. Meanwhile, the use of AI provides opportunities for developing more varied illustrations and visual content, although their use still requires pedagogical, cultural, ethical, and human validation. Based on the literature synthesis, AI-assisted digital comics based on local wisdom have the potential to be an effective learning medium for integrating reading literacy and literary appreciation. However, empirical evidence simultaneously testing both outcomes is still limited. Therefore, further experimental research is needed to directly test their effectiveness.