HOAKS DI INDONESIA: PENYEBARAN DAN KONSEKUENSI HUKUM YANG DITERAPKAN

Abstrak

Studi ini membahas penyebaran hoax atau informasi palsu di Indonesia, termasuk dampak hukumnya melalui Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE).                       Hoax seperti ini sering menimbulkan panik massal, perpecahan sosial, dan kerugian finansial yang besar. Kami menggunakan metode studi pustaka untuk menganalisis regulasi hukum, literatur akademik, serta kasus empiris. Hasilnya, pelaku hoax bisa dikenai sanksi berdasarkan Pasal 28 ayat 1 dan 2 UU ITE, plus pasal terkait di KUHP. Penting sekali ada penegakan hukum yang ketat, dikombinasikan dengan edukasi literasi digital, agar hoax tidak merajalela di ruang publik. Secara global, fenomena ini melampaui batas lokal, dengan platform seperti Facebook dan Twitter sebagai sarana utama. Pada 2023, Kominfo menerima lebih dari 1.000 laporan hoax, dengan kerugian ekonomi mencapai miliaran rupiah dari penipuan online. Rekomendasi saya: regulasi yang responsif terhadap inovasi teknologi, penerapan AI untuk deteksi otomatis, serta kampanye verifikasi informasi. Analisis menunjukkan lonjakan hoax 150% pasca-COVID-19, memengaruhi kesehatan mental dan kepercayaan institusi, dengan perbandingan regulasi regional. Pendekatan integratif yang melibatkan teknologi, hukum, dan edukasi diperlukan untuk menghadapi tantangan hoax di era digital.

This study examines the spread of hoaxes or false information in Indonesia, including their legal implications under the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE). These hoaxes often cause mass panic, social division, and significant financial losses. We used a desk study method to analyze legal regulations, academic literature, and empirical cases. The results indicate that perpetrators of hoaxes can be subject to sanctions under Article 28 paragraphs 1 and 2 of the ITE Law, plus related articles in the Criminal Code. Strict law enforcement, combined with digital literacy education, is crucial to prevent hoaxes from spreading in the public sphere. Globally, this phenomenon transcends local boundaries, with platforms like Facebook and Twitter serving as primary platforms. In 2023, the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (Kominfo) received over 1,000 hoax reports, with economic losses reaching billions of rupiah from online fraud. My recommendations include regulations that are responsive to technological innovation, the application of AI for automatic detection, and information verification campaigns. The analysis shows a 150% spike in hoaxes post-COVID-19, impacting mental health and institutional trust, with regional regulatory comparisons. An integrative approach involving technology, law, and education is needed to address the challenges of hoaxes in the digital age.