OPTIMALISASI ALAT KOMUNIKASI DIRECT SPEECH UNTUK EFEKTIVITAS KOORDINASI TERHADAP PELAYANAN AERONAUTICAL COMMUNICATION OFFICER (ACO) FLIGHT INFORMATION CENTRE BALI

Abstrak

Efektivitas komunikasi menjadi faktor kunci dalam menjamin keselamatan dan kelancaran pelayanan navigasi penerbangan, khususnya bagi Aeronautical Communication Officer (ACO) di Flight Information Centre (FIC) Bali. Salah satu metode komunikasi utama yang digunakan adalah direct speech, yang secara ideal memungkinkan koordinasi real-time antarunit. Namun, dalam implementasinya, penggunaan direct speech dihadapkan pada sejumlah kendala teknis dan operasional, seperti gangguan audio, tumpang tindih saluran komunikasi antara FIC dan ACC, serta ketiadaan jalur prioritas saat kondisi darurat. Permasalahan ini menyebabkan miskomunikasi, keterlambatan penyampaian informasi, dan meningkatnya beban kerja ACO, yang secara langsung berdampak pada kualitas layanan informasi penerbangan. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi langsung, wawancara dengan petugas ACO, serta dokumentasi regulasi dan laporan pendukung. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sistem komunikasi yang ada belum sepenuhnya memenuhi standar keandalan sebagaimana diatur oleh ICAO dan peraturan nasional. Di sisi lain, kajian dokumentasi dan studi sebelumnya mengindikasikan bahwa penerapan sistem komunikasi tambahan seperti hotline internal antarunit mampu meningkatkan efektivitas koordinasi hingga 30–40 persen. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, optimalisasi sistem komunikasi ACO di FIC Bali sangat disarankan melalui integrasi jalur komunikasi alternatif yang lebih stabil, terpisah, dan responsif terhadap kondisi kritis di ruang udara.

Communication effectiveness is a key factor in ensuring the safety and efficiency of air navigation services, particularly for Aeronautical Communication Officers (ACO) at the Flight Information Centre (FIC) Bali. One of the primary communication methods used is direct speech, which ideally enables real-time coordination between units. However, in practice, the use of direct speech faces several technical and operational challenges, such as audio disturbances, overlapping communication channels between FIC and ACC, and the absence of a priority channel during emergency situations. These issues lead to miscommunication, delayed information delivery, and increased workload for ACO, directly affecting the quality of flight information services. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, data were collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews with ACO personnel, and a review of regulatory documents and supporting reports. The analysis reveals that the existing communication system does not fully comply with the reliability standards set by ICAO and national aviation regulations. Furthermore, documentation reviews and previous studies suggest that implementing an additional internal hotline system between units can improve coordination effectiveness by 30–40 percent. Based on these findings, optimizing the ACO communication system at FIC Bali is strongly recommended through the integration of alternative communication channels that are more stable, dedicated, and responsive to critical airspace situations.