PENANGANAN PERKARA PERDATA PASCA PERMA NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG PROSEDUR MEDIASI DI PENGADILAN

Abstrak

Penelitian ini mengkaji penanganan perkara perdata pasca berlakunya Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2016 tentang Prosedur Mediasi di Pengadilan. Perma tersebut menempatkan mediasi sebagai tahapan wajib dalam proses beracara perdata dengan tujuan memperkuat asas peradilan sederhana, cepat, dan biaya ringan. Permasalahan penelitian berfokus pada bagaimana perubahan mekanisme penanganan perkara perdata setelah diberlakukannya mediasi wajib serta sejauh mana efektivitas penerapannya dalam praktik peradilan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Analisis dilakukan terhadap Perma Nomor 1 Tahun 2016, hukum acara perdata, doktrin hukum, serta putusan pengadilan yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mediasi terintegrasi telah mengubah pola penanganan perkara perdata dari yang bersifat adversarial menuju penyelesaian sengketa berbasis konsensus. Namun demikian, efektivitas mediasi masih menghadapi hambatan berupa keterbatasan kompetensi mediator, rendahnya itikad baik para pihak, serta budaya litigasi yang masih dominan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Perma Nomor 1 Tahun 2016 secara normatif telah memberikan kerangka hukum yang memadai bagi penyelesaian perkara perdata melalui mediasi. Namun optimalisasi implementasinya memerlukan penguatan peran hakim mediator, peningkatan kualitas mediasi, serta perubahan paradigma para pencari keadilan terhadap penyelesaian sengketa perdata.

This study examines the handling of civil cases following the enactment of Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2016 on Mediation Procedures in Courts. The Regulation positions mediation as a mandatory stage in civil proceedings with the objective of strengthening the principles of simple, speedy, and low-cost justice. The research focuses on changes in the mechanisms for handling civil cases after the introduction of mandatory mediation and on the extent to which such mediation has been effectively implemented in judicial practice. This study employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The analysis is conducted on Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2016, civil procedural law, legal doctrines, and relevant court decisions. The findings indicate that integrated mediation has transformed the handling of civil cases from an adversarial model into a consensus-based dispute resolution mechanism. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of mediation continues to face obstacles, including limited mediator competence, a lack of good faith among the parties, and the persistence of a litigation-oriented legal culture. This study concludes that, from a normative perspective, Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2016 provides an adequate legal framework for resolving civil disputes through mediation. However, the optimisation of its implementation requires strengthening the role of judge-mediators, improving the quality of mediation processes, and shifting the paradigm of justice seekers toward non-adversarial civil dispute resolution.