OBSERVASI PENYIMPANAN VAKSIN DAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PETUGAS TERHADAP MANAJEMEN RANTAI DINGIN DI INSTALASI FARMASI KABUPATEN SRAGEN

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Latar Belakang: Vaksin bersifat thermolabile yang membutuhkan pengelolaan rantai dingin (cold chain) ketat (2–8°C) untuk menjaga mutunya. Kegagalan cold chain berisiko menggagalkan program imunisasi. Instalasi Farmasi Kabupaten (IFK) dan Puskesmas berperan strategis dalam penyimpanan dan distribusi vaksin, di mana kompetensi petugas menjadi faktor kunci.Tujuan: Menganalisis kesesuaian penyimpanan vaksin dengan standar Kemenkes RI/WHO, tingkat pengetahuan petugas, serta hubungan karakteristik petugas dengan tingkat pengetahuannya di Kabupaten Sragen.Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif cross-sectional ini dilakukan pada Juni 2026 di IFK dan 25 Puskesmas di Kabupaten Sragen. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik total sampling mencakup 26 petugas pengelola vaksin (96,1% bidan). Data dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan lembar checklist berbasis Effective Vaccine Management (EVM) WHO serta kuesioner, kemudian dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat (Fisher’s Exact Test, α=0,05).Hasil: Sarana penyimpanan vaksin tergolong baik (>75%). Ketersediaan kulkas top-opening, vaccine carrier, ice pack, listrik/generator, pemantauan suhu harian, dan penataan vaksin sesuai sensitivitas suhu mencapai 100%. Kendala ditemukan pada kerusakan termometer internal (15%) dan freeze tag (35%), serta adanya vaksin mendekati kedaluwarsa di 2 Puskesmas. Rata-rata skor pengetahuan petugas adalah 18,19 (kategori "Baik"), meski 50% petugas salah memahami indikator VVM kategori B. Karakteristik Usia, tingkat pendidikan, dan masa kerja tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan tingkat pengetahuan (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Praktik penyimpanan vaksin secara umum berjalan baik, namun membutuhkan perbaikan fasilitas pemantau suhu yang rusak serta peningkatan edukasi/pelatihan berkelanjutan bagi petugas.

Background: Vaccines are thermolabile, requiring strict cold chain management (2–8°C) to maintain their quality. A failure in the cold chain risks compromising the immunization program. District Pharmaceutical Installations (IFK) and Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) play a strategic role in vaccine storage and distribution, with staff competence serving as a key factor.Objective :Analyzing the conformity of vaccine storage with Indonesian Ministry of Health/WHO standards, the level of staff knowledge, and the relationship between staff characteristics and their level of knowledge in Sragen Regency. Methods:This descriptive quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2026 across IFK and 25 Puskesmas in Sragen Regency. Total sampling was applied, involving 26 vaccine managers (96.1% midwives). Data were collected using WHO Effective Vaccine Management (EVM) checklists and questionnaires, then analyzed univariately and bivariately (Fisher’s Exact Test, α=0.05). Results:Storage facilities were generally good (>75%). Availability of top-opening refrigerators, vaccine carriers, ice packs, backup power, daily temperature monitoring, and temperature-sensitive vaccine arrangement reached 100% compliance. Issues included damaged internal thermometers (15%) and freeze tags (35%). The average knowledge score was 18.19 (“Good” category), although 50% of staff misunderstood VVM stage B indicators. Age, education, and tenure showed no significant association with knowledge levels (p>0.05). Conclusion:Vaccine storage practices generally meet standards, but require repairs for damaged temperature monitoring tools and continuous refresher training.