OPTIMASI SEDIAAN LOTION EKSTRAK DAUN MATOA (Pometia Pinnata) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimasi formulasi lotion ekstrak daun matoa (Pometia pinnata) sebagai  antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Ekstrak daun matoa diperoleh dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%, kemudian dilakukan standarisasi dan skrining fitokimia yang menunjukkan senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan steroid berpotensi antibakteri. Optimasi formulasi lotion dilakukan dengan metode Simplex Lattice Design untuk menentukan kombinasi optimal antara asam stearat dan Triethanolamin sebagai emulgator agar diperoleh lotion dengan karakteristik fisik yang baik (pH, viskositas, daya sebar, daya lekat) dan stabil. Formula optimum diperoleh pada komposisi asam stearat 10% dan Triethanolamin 4% dengan nilai desirabilitas 0,951. Lotion ekstrak daun matoa diformulasikan dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 5%, 10%, dan 15%, kemudian diuji mutu fisik dan aktivitas antibakterinya. Hasil uji menunjukkan lotion memiliki pH sesuai standar (4,5-8,0), viskositas, daya sebar, dan daya lekat yang baik serta homogen. Aktivitas antibakteri lotion meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak, dengan zona hambat terbesar pada konsentrasi 15% sebesar 6,08 mm (kategori sedang). Uji hedonik menunjukkan formulasi dengan ekstrak 10%-15% paling disukai panelis terutama pada aspek tekstur dan kesan lengket, sedangkan uji iritasi menunjukkan lotion aman digunakan tanpa menimbulkan reaksi iritasi kulit. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa lotion ekstrak daun matoa memiliki potensi sebagai produk topikal antibakteri yang efektif dan aman. Disarankan penelitian lanjutan untuk menguji kestabilan jangka panjang dan toksisitas.

This study aimed to optimize the formulation of matoa leaf (Pometia pinnata) extract lotion as an antibacterial agent against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The extract was obtained through maceration using 96% ethanol, followed by standardization and phytochemical screening, which revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids with antibacterial potential. Optimization of the lotion formulation was carried out using the Simplex Lattice Design method to determine the optimal combination of stearic acid and triethanolamine as emulsifiers in order to produce a lotion with good physical characteristics (pH, viscosity, spreadability, adhesiveness) and stability. The optimum formula was obtained at a composition of 10% stearic acid and 4% triethanolamine with a desirability value of 0.951. Matoa leaf extract lotions were then formulated with extract concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%, followed by physical quality and antibacterial activity testing. The results showed that the lotions had pH values within the standard range (4.5–8.0), good viscosity, spreadability, adhesiveness, and homogeneity. Antibacterial activity increased with higher extract concentrations, with the largest inhibition zone observed at 15% (6.08 mm, moderate category). The hedonic test indicated that formulations containing 10–15% extract were the most preferred by panelists, especially in terms of texture and stickiness, while the irritation test confirmed that the lotions were safe to use without causing skin irritation. This study concluded that matoa leaf extract lotion had potential as an effective and safe topical antibacterial product. Further research was recommended to evaluate long-term stability and toxicity.