ANALISIS KETIDAKPASTIAN PENGUKURAN PRAKTIKUM FISIKA

Abstrak

Di dalam setiap kegiatan laboratorium, dilakukan pengukuran dan analisis data untuk membuat suatu kesimpulan. Oleh karena itu analisis ketidakpastian pengukuran menjadi sangat penting. Praktikum merupakan salah satu bagian utama dari fisika, namun sayangnya tidak dijabarkan secara jelas sampai tingkat manakah pengetahuan dasar tentang pengukuran harus diajarkan dan langkah-langkah pengolahan data yang harus mahasiswa kuasai. Menurut hasil beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan siswa tentang analisis ketidakpastian pengukuran rendah. Menurut beberapa penelitian, diketahui bahwa minimnya kemampuan siswa dikarenakan banyak siswa meremehkan analisis ketidakpastian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan model praktikum fisika berbasis analisis ketidakpastian pengukuran yang sesuai untuk siswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah berupa lembaran pertanyaan seputar pengukuran. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Pendidikan Fisika Jurusan FMIPA UNIMED. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui observasi, tes, wawancara dan angket. Data dari observasi, wawancara dan angket dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif kualitatif sedangkan hasil tes dianalisis dengan membuat sebuah kunci jawaban yang sudah pasti. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba model praktikum yang dibuat disimpulkan bahwa model praktikum berbasis ketidakpastian yang sesuai untuk siswa adalah model praktikum yang lebih menitikberatkan pemahaman tentang dasar-dasar analisis ketidakpastian pengukuran secara lengkap sebelum siswa melaksanakan kegiatan laboratorium.Pada model ini, siswa harus mengajukan hipotesis sendiri, melakukan percobaan untuk menguji hipotesis selain itu tiap kegiatan praktikum siswa harus mengerjakan soal pre tes dan post tes. Hasil uji coba model praktikum dengan prinsip berkelompok.

In each laboratory activity, measurements and data analysis are carried out to draw conclusions. Therefore, measurement uncertainty analysis becomes very important. Practicum is one of the main parts of physics, but unfortunately it is not clearly explained to what level basic knowledge about measurements must be taught and the data processing steps that students must master. According to the results of several studies, it shows that students' ability to analyze measurement uncertainty is low. According to several studies, it is known that students' lack of ability is because many students underestimate uncertainty analysis The aim of this research is to produce a physics practical model based on measurement uncertainty analysis that is suitable for students. The type of research used in this research is in the form of a question sheet regarding measurements. This research was carried out at the Physics Education Department, FMIPA UNIMED. Research data was collected through observation, tests, interviews and questionnaires. Data from observations, interviews and questionnaires were analyzed using qualitative descriptive techniques while test results were analyzed by creating a definite answer key. Based on the results of testing the practical model that was created, it was concluded that the uncertainty-based practical model that is suitable for students is a practical model that focuses more on understanding the basics of complete measurement uncertainty analysis before students carry out laboratory activities. In this model, students must propose their own hypotheses, carry out experiments to test hypotheses. Apart from that, for each practical activity, students must work on pre-test and post-test questions. Results of practical model trials using group principles.