PERBEDAAN PENGARUH CAWTHORNE COOKSEY EXERCISE DAN BALANCE EXERCISE TERHADAP PENINGKATAN FUNGSI VESTIBULAR PADA LANSIA

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Latar Belakang: Penurunan fungsi vestibular pada lansia merupakan salah satu dampak proses penuaan yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan keseimbangan, menurunkan stabilitas pandangan, meningkatkan risiko jatuh, dan mengurangi kemandirian fungsional. Upaya fisioterapi yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut antara lain Cawthorne Cooksey Exercise (CCE) dan Balance Exercise berupa four square step exercise (FSSE). Penelitian ini dilakukan karena masih diperlukan pembuktian perbandingan efektivitas kedua latihan tersebut pada lansia dengan penurunan fungsi vestibular. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh Cawthorne Cooksey Exercise dan Balance Exercise terhadap peningkatan fungsi vestibular pada lansia Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi experimental dengan desain pretest and posttest with two group design. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 38 lansia, yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok Cawthorne Cooksey Exercise dan kelompok balance exercise, masing-masing 19 responden. Intervensi diberikan 3 kali seminggu selama 4 minggu dengan durasi 45 menit per sesi. Fungsi vestibular diukur menggunakan Timed up and go test (TUGT) dan Dynamic visual acuity (DVA) sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Analisis data menggunakan paired sampel t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, independent sample t-test, dan Mann-whitney u test. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan menunjukkan bahwa CCE berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan fungsi vestibular dengan nilai p=0,000 (p < 0,05) pada TUGT dan DVA. BE juga berpengaruh signifikan dengan nilai p=0,000 pada TUGT dan DVA. Namun, tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara CCE dan BE pada TUGT p=0,342 (p > 0,05)., sedangkan pada DVA terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan p=0,000 (p < 0,05) dan CCE menunjukkan pengaruh yang lebih spesifik terhadap peningkatan fungsi vestibular. Kesimpulan: Cawthorne Cooksey Exercise dan Balance Exercise sama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan fungsi vestibular pada lansia. Namun, Cawthorne Cooksey Exercise lebih efektif dibandingkan Balance Exercise dalam meningkatkan fungsi vestibular, khususnya pada aspek stabilitas visual dan vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) yang dinilai melalui DVA.

Background: Declining vestibular function in older adults is one of the consequences of the aging process, which may lead to balance disorders, reduced gaze stability, increased risk of falls, and decreased functional independence. Physiotherapy interventions that can be used to address these problems include Cawthorne Cooksey Exercise (CCE) and Balance Exercise in the form of the Foursquare step exercise (FSSE). This study was conducted because further evidence was needed to compare the effectiveness of these two exercise programs in older adults with decreased vestibular function. Objective: The study aimed to determine the differences in the effects of Cawthorne Cooksey Exercise and Balance Exercise on improving vestibular function in older adults. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest two-group design. A total of 38 older adults participated in the study and were divided into two groups: the Cawthorne Cooksey Exercise group and the Balance Exercise group, with 19 respondents in each group. Interventions were administered three times per week for four weeks, with a duration of 45 minutes per session. Vestibular function was assessed using the Timed up and go test (TUGT) and Dynamic visual acuity (DVA) before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the paired sampel t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, independent sample t-test, and Mann–Whitney U Test. Results: The findings showed that CCE had a significant effect on improving vestibular function, with p = 0.000 (p < 0.05) for both TUGT and DVA outcomes. BE also demonstrated a significant effect, with p = 0.000 for both TUGT and DVA. However, there was no significant difference between CCE and BE on TUGT scores (p = 0.342; p > 0.05). In contrast, a significant difference was found in DVA scores (p = 0.000; p < 0.05), indicating that CCE had a more specific effect on enhancing vestibular function. Conclusion: Both Cawthorne Cooksey Exercise and Balance Exercise significantly improve vestibular function in older adults. However, Cawthorne Cooksey Exercise is more effective than Balance Exercise in enhancing vestibular function, particularly in aspects of visual stability and the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) as measured by DVA.