PERBEDAAN PENGARUH FOUR SQUARE STEP EXERCISE (FSSE) DAN HEEL RAISE EXERCISE TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KESEIMBANGAN DINAMIS PADA LANSIA

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Latar Belakang: Penurunan keseimbangan dinamis pada lansia merupakan salah satu dampak proses penuaan yang ditandai dengan menurunnya kekuatan otot, koordinasi, kontrol postural, dan fungsi sensorimotor. Kondisi tersebut dapat meningkatkan risiko jatuh, membatasi aktivitas sehari-hari, serta menurunkan kemandirian fungsional lansia. Upaya fisioterapi yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan keseimbangan dinamis pada lansia antara lain Four Square Step Exercise (FSSE) dan Heel Raise Exercise. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh FSSE dan Heel Raise Exercise terhadap peningkatan keseimbangan dinamis pada lansia Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain experimental pre-test and post-test with two groups. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 36 lansia, yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok FSSE dan kelompok Heel Raise Exercise, masing-masing 18 responden. Intervensi diberikan 6 kali seminggu selama 2 minggu dengan durasi 15 menit per sesi. Keseimbangan dinamis diukur menggunakan Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Analisis data menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test, Paired Sample T-test, dan Mann-Whitney U Test. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan menunjukkan bahwa FSSE berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan keseimbangan dinamis dengan nilai p=0,000 (p < 0,05) pada TUGT, Heel Raise Exercise juga berpengaruh signifikan dengan nilai p=0,000 (p < 0,05) pada TUGT. Hasil analisis menunjukan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara FSSE dan Heel Raise Exercise  pada TUGT p=0,000 (p < 0,05), dan FSSE menunjukkan pengaruh yang lebih spesifik terhadap peningkatan keseimbangan dinamis. Kesimpulan: Four Square Step Exercise dan Heel Raise Exercise sama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan keseimbangan dinamis pada lansia. Selain itu, terdapat perbedaan pengaruh Four Square Step Exercise dan Heel Raise Exercise dalam meningkatkan keseimbangan dinamis pada lansia.Kata Kunci: Lansia, Keseimbangan Dinamis, Four Square Step Exercise, Heel Raise Exercise, Timed Up and Go Test.

Background: Declining dynamic balance is one of the common consequences of aging, characterized by reductions in muscle strength, coordination, postural control, and sensorimotor function. These changes increase the risk of falls, limit daily activities, and reduce functional independence among older adults. Physiotherapy interventions that may improve dynamic balance include Four Square Step Exercise (FSSE) and Heel Raise Exercise. Objective: The study aims to determine the differences in the effects of FSSE and Heel Raise Exercise on improving dynamic balance in older adults. Method: This study employed an experimental pretest-posttest design with two groups. A total of 36 older adults participated and were equally divided into the FSSE group and the Heel Raise Exercise group, with 18 participants in each group. Interventions were administered six times per week for two weeks, with each session lasting 15 minutes. Dynamic balance was assessed using the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test, Paired-Samples t-test, and Mann-Whitney U Test. Results: The findings demonstrated that FSSE significantly improved dynamic balance, as indicated by TUGT scores (p < 0.001). Similarly, Heel Raise Exercise also produced a significant improvement in dynamic balance (p < 0.001). Comparative analysis revealed a significant difference between the two interventions (p < 0.001), with FSSE demonstrating a greater effect on improving dynamic balance than Heel Raise Exercise. Conclusion: Both Four Square Step Exercise and Heel Raise Exercise significantly improve dynamic balance in older adults. However, there is a significant difference in their effectiveness, with Four Square Step Exercise demonstrating a greater improvement in dynamic balance.