EFEKTIVITAS PELATIHAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN SDM DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA PEMADAM KEBAKARAN KOTA JAKSEL

Abstrak

Suku Dinas Pemadam Kebakaran dan Penyelamatan Jakarta Selatan menghadapi tantangan operasional yang kompleks, meliputi kemacetan lalu lintas (40%), minimnya akses hidran yang berfungsi optimal (35%), risiko kebakaran bangunan vertikal (15%), serta keterbatasan akses jalan di permukiman padat (10%), yang secara kolektif berdampak pada lambatnya response time penanganan darurat, yakni 15–20 menit. Kondisi ini mendorong perlunya evaluasi mendalam terhadap efektivitas pelatihan dan pengembangan SDM yang selama ini diterapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas pelatihan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia dalam meningkatkan kinerja pegawai Pemadam Kebakaran Jakarta Selatan, khususnya dalam aspek response time, cakupan wilayah pelayanan, dan keberhasilan pencegahan kebakaran. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka. Metode ini dipilih karena bertujuan memahami secara mendalam makna dan efektivitas program pelatihan SDM melalui eksplorasi teori, kajian penelitian terdahulu, dan analisis data sekunder yang relevan, tanpa memerlukan observasi lapangan langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan Pos Damkar baru di Kebayoran Lama melalui skema inovatif tukar guling lahan tanpa APBD, yang didukung program pelatihan teknis dan pencegahan yang sistematis, berhasil menurunkan response time secara drastis sebesar 60–65% dari 15–20 menit menjadi 5–7 menit, memperluas cakupan wilayah layanan hingga 40%, serta mencatatkan nol kasus kebakaran di sekitar pos. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa efektivitas pelatihan SDM pada instansi pelayanan darurat tidak akan optimal tanpa dukungan infrastruktur operasional yang strategis; sinergi antara pelatihan teknis, pelatihan pencegahan, dan penempatan pos berbasis analisis spasial terbukti menjadi model integrasi yang efektif. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya, disarankan menggunakan metode mixed methods yang menggabungkan wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan kuesioner guna mengukur tingkat kepuasan petugas serta efektivitas pelatihan secara lebih komprehensif dan berbasis data primer. Kata Kunci :  Pelatihan dan Pengembangan SDM, Kinerja Pegawai, Pemadam Kebakaran, Response Time, Infrastruktur Operasional.

The South Jakarta Fire and Rescue Department faces complex operational challenges, including traffic congestion (40%), a lack of fully functional fire hydrants (35%), the risk of fires in high-rise buildings (15%), and limited road access in densely populated residential areas (10%), which collectively result in slow emergency response times of 15-20 minutes. These conditions underscore the need for a thorough evaluation of the effectiveness of the training and human resource development programs currently in place. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of training and human resource development in improving the performance of South Jakarta Fire Department personnel, particularly regarding response time, service coverage area, and fire prevention success. The study employs a qualitative method using a literature review approach. This method was chosen to gain a deep understanding of the meaning and effectiveness of human resource training programs through the exploration of theory, review of prior research, and analysis of relevant secondary data, without requiring direct field observation. The study findings indicate that the construction of a new fire station in Kebayoran Lama through an innovative land-swap scheme without using the local government budget supported by systematic technical training and prevention programs, successfully reduced response times by 60-65%, from 15-20 minutes to 5-7 minutes, expanded the service coverage area by 40%, and recorded zero fire incidents around the station. This study concludes that the effectiveness of human resource training in emergency service agencies will not be optimal without the support of strategic operational infrastructure; the synergy between technical training, prevention training, and station placement based on spatial analysis has proven to be an effective integration model. For future research, it is recommended to use a mixed-methods approach combining in-depth interviews, participant observation, and questionnaires to measure staff satisfaction levels and the effectiveness of training in a more comprehensive and primary-data-driven manner.