STRATEGI PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM MENANGGULANGI KRISIS AIR DI DESA TIMAU KECAMATAN AMFOANG BARAT LAUT KABUPATEN KUPANG

Abstrak

Penelitian ini berjudul Strategi Pemerintah Desa Dalam Menanggulangi Krisis Air Di Desa Timau Kecamatan Amfoang Barat Laut Kabupaten Kupang. Rumusan masalah dalam penulisan ini adalah Bagaimana Strategi Pemerintah Desa Dalam Menanggulangi Krisis Air Di Desa Timau Kecamatan Amfoang Barat Laut Kabupaten Kupang. Teori yang digunakan dalam memecahkan masalah penelitian adalah manajemen strategi pemerintah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Sumber data primer adalah para informan sedangkan data sekunder adalah dokumen-dokumen yang berkaitan dengan variabel penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Tahap analisa data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, tahap penarikan kesimpulan lalu dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Formulasi strategi pemerintah Desa Timau dalam menanggulangi krisis air dilakukan melalui kebijakan penganggaran yang terencana dan berorientasi pada kebutuhan masyarakat dengan menjadikan Dana Desa tahun anggaran 2017, 2018, 2023, 2024, dan 2025 sebagai instrumen utama dalam mendukung program penyediaan air bersih. Alokasi anggaran tersebut diwujudkan melalui pembangunan infrastruktur air bersih seperti sumur bor, pompa tenaga surya, reservoir, jaringan perpipaan, serta rehabilitasi sarana air secara bertahap yang berdampak pada peningkatan akses masyarakat terhadap air bersih, kualitas hidup, kesehatan, dan produktivitas ekonomi, meskipun masih terdapat kendala terkait pemerataan distribusi air dan pemeliharaan infrastruktur secara berkelanjutan. 2) Implementasi strategi pemerintah Desa Timau dilaksanakan melalui pembangunan infrastruktur air, pemanfaatan inovasi teknologi Pompa Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS), serta pemeliharaan aset infrastruktur air pasca-pembangunan secara bertahap, partisipatif, dan berkelanjutan. Keberhasilan implementasi didukung oleh perencanaan partisipatif pemerintah desa, pengawasan Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD), keterlibatan masyarakat dalam pengawasan dan pelaporan kerusakan, serta tata kelola anggaran yang akuntabel, meskipun masih menghadapi tantangan pada aspek pemerataan distribusi air, pemeliharaan infrastruktur secara berkala, dan penguatan kapasitas kelembagaan desa. 3) Evaluasi strategi pemerintah Desa Timau diwujudkan melalui responsivitas terhadap keluhan warga mengenai distribusi air yang tidak merata, yakni dengan pembangunan embung di Dusun Bisifo pada tahun 2024 yang memanfaatkan mata air boto sebagai sumber air alternatif. Kebijakan ini mampu mengurangi ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap air hujan dan meningkatkan ketersediaan air secara lebih stabil, meskipun optimalisasi pelayanan air bersih masih memerlukan pengembangan jaringan distribusi, penguatan sistem pengelolaan dan pengawasan infrastruktur, serta peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis di atas, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa strategi pemerintah Desa Timau dalam menanggulangi krisis air sudah berjalan dengan baik, yang diukur melalui tiga aspek yaitu formulasi strategi, implementasi strategi, dan evaluasi strategi.

This research is entitled The Village Government's Strategy in Addressing the Water Crisis in Timau Village, Northwest Amfoang District, Kupang Regency. The research question examined in this study is: How does the village government of Timau strategize to address the water crisis in Timau Village, Northwest Amfoang District, Kupang Regency? The theoretical framework applied to analyze the research problem is government strategic management. This study employs a qualitative research method. Primary data were obtained from informants, while secondary data were derived from documents related to the research variables. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis process was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, followed by descriptive qualitative analysis. The findings of this study indicate that: 1) The strategy formulation of the Timau Village Government in addressing the water crisis was carried out through planned, community needs-oriented budgetary policies, utilizing Village Fund allocations from fiscal years 2017, 2018, 2023, 2024, and 2025 as the primary instrument for supporting clean water provision programs. These budget allocations were realized through the phased construction of clean water infrastructure, including drilled wells, solar-powered pumps, reservoirs, pipeline networks, and the rehabilitation of existing water facilities. These efforts have contributed to improved community access to clean water, enhanced quality of life, better public health, and increased economic productivity, although challenges remain regarding equitable water distribution and the sustainable maintenance of infrastructure. 2) The strategy implementation of the Timau Village Government was carried out through water infrastructure development, the adoption of Solar-Powered Pump technology (PLTS), and the phased, participatory, and sustainable maintenance of water infrastructure assets following construction. The success of implementation was supported by participatory planning on the part of the village government, oversight by the Village Consultative Body (BPD), community involvement in monitoring and reporting damage, and accountable budget management. Nevertheless, challenges persist in achieving equitable water distribution, conducting regular infrastructure maintenance, and strengthening village institutional capacity. 3) The strategy evaluation of the Timau Village Government was demonstrated through its responsiveness to residents' complaints regarding unequal water distribution, particularly through the construction of a retention pond in Bisifo Hamlet in 2024, which utilized the boto natural spring as an alternative water source. This policy has reduced community dependence on rainwater and improved the stability of water availability for daily needs, although further optimization of clean water services still requires the expansion of distribution networks, strengthened infrastructure management and monitoring systems, and greater community participation. Based on the findings above, the author concludes that the Timau Village Government's strategy in addressing the water crisis has been effectively implemented, as assessed through three key aspects: strategy formulation, strategy implementation, and strategy evaluation.