ANALISIS GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA DESA DALAM MENDORONG PEMBANGUNAN DI DESA MAUBESI KECAMATAN INSANA TENGAH KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gaya kepemimpinan Kepala Desa Maubesi, Kecamatan Insana Tengah, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara, dalam mendorong pembangunan desa pasca-peralihan status dari Kelurahan menjadi Desa, serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Informan dipilih secara purposive, mencakup Kepala Desa, Ketua BPD, Kaur Pembangunan, tokoh adat, dan masyarakat (total 11 orang). Validitas data dijamin melalui triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Kerangka analisis didasarkan pada indikator kepemimpinan pemerintahan meliputi pengambilan keputusan, gaya komunikasi, pemberian motivasi, dan pengawasan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepala desa pertama, Vinsentius Fomeni, yang menjabat dua periode (2017–2023 dan 2023–2030), menerapkan gaya kepemimpinan yang adaptif dan berorientasi pada pemberdayaan masyarakat. Hal ini terefleksikan dari berbagai capaian pembangunan fisik seperti pembangunan Jalan Usaha Tani sepanjang 1.400 meter, sarana air bersih, dan program pemberdayaan ekonomi berbasis kelompok peternak. Faktor pendukung meliputi dukungan regulasi UU Desa dan Dana Desa, sedangkan faktor penghambat mencakup keterbatasan infrastruktur dan fluktuasi harga pakan ternak.

This study aims to analyze the leadership style of the Village Head of Maubesi, Insana Tengah District, North Central Timor Regency, in driving village development following the administrative status transition from a Sub-district (Kelurahan) to a Village (Desa), as well as to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors thereof. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Informants were selected purposively, comprising the Village Head, the Chair of the Village Consultative Body (BPD), the Head of Development Affairs, customary leaders, and community members, totaling 11 participants. Data validity was ensured through source and technique triangulation. The analytical framework was based on governmental leadership indicators encompassing decision-making, communication style, motivation, and supervision. The findings reveal that the inaugural village head, Vinsentius Fomeni, who served two consecutive terms (2017–2023 and 2023–2030), applied an adaptive leadership style oriented toward community empowerment. This is reflected in numerous physical development achievements, including the construction of a 1,400-meter Agricultural Access Road (Jalan Usaha Tani), the provision of clean water facilities, and economic empowerment programs based on livestock farmer groups. Supporting factors include the regulatory framework of the Village Law and Village Fund (Dana Desa), whereas inhibiting factors encompass infrastructural limitations and fluctuations in livestock feed prices.