PENEGAKAN HUKUM DI PERSIMPANGAN NILAI: ANTARA KEADILAN, KEMANFAATAN, KEPASTIAN, DAN KEPENTINGAN POLITIK

Abstrak

Penegakan hukum di Indonesia masih menghadapi tantangan dalam mewujudkan keseimbangan antara keadilan, kemanfaatan, dan kepastian hukum sebagaimana dikonsepsikan oleh Gustav Radbruch. Permasalahan tersebut semakin kompleks ketika kepentingan politik memengaruhi proses penegakan hukum yang seharusnya berjalan secara independen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis problematika penegakan hukum di Indonesia dalam perspektif teori Gustav Radbruch serta mengkaji pengaruh politik hukum terhadap supremasi hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan filosofis melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penegakan hukum masih cenderung menekankan kepastian hukum formal sehingga keadilan substantif dan kemanfaatan sosial belum terwujud secara optimal. Selain itu, intervensi politik berpotensi melemahkan independensi lembaga penegak hukum dan menggeser prinsip supremasi hukum. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan reformasi kelembagaan, penguatan independensi aparat penegak hukum, transparansi rekrutmen, serta pembatasan intervensi politik guna mewujudkan penegakan hukum yang adil, bermanfaat, dan berkepastian hukum.

Law enforcement in Indonesia still faces challenges in achieving a balance between justice, expediency, and legal certainty as conceptualized by Gustav Radbruch. These issues become increasingly complex when political interests influence the law enforcement process, which should operate independently. This study aims to analyze the problems of law enforcement in Indonesia from the perspective of Gustav Radbruch’s theory and to examine the influence of legal politics on the supremacy of law. This research employs a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, and philosophical approaches through library research. The findings indicate that law enforcement tends to emphasize formal legal certainty, resulting in the suboptimal realization of substantive justice and social utility. Furthermore, political intervention has the potential to weaken the independence of law enforcement institutions and shift the principle of the rule of law. Therefore, institutional reform, strengthening the independence of law enforcement officers, transparency in recruitment, and limiting political intervention are necessary to establish law enforcement that is just, beneficial, and legally certain.