HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN PARITAS IBU HAMIL TENTANG TANDA BAHAYA KEHAMILAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN ANTENATAL CARE (ANC) PADA IBU HAMIL DI PMB AZIMAH KOTA JAMBI 2026

Abstrak

Tanda bahaya kehamilan merupakan tanda atau gejala adanya komplikasi selama kehamilan yang memerlukan penanganan segera. Menurut data World Health Organization (WHO) tahun 2024, angka kematian ibu (AKI) secara global tahun 2021 mencapai 395 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Di Indonesia, jumlah kematian ibu tahun 2023 tercatat sebanyak 4.129 kasus, dengan penyebab utama yaitu hipertensi (30%). Kurangnya pengetahuan ibu hamil mengenai tanda bahaya kehamilan serta perbedaan pengalaman kehamilan berdasarkan paritas dapat memengaruhi kepatuhan ibu dalam melakukan kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan paritas ibu hamil tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan terhadap kepatuhan Antenatal Care (ANC) pada ibu hamil di PMB Azimah Kota Jambi Tahun 2026. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 44 ibu hamil dengan teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan lembar observasi/Buku KIA, kemudian dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan p < 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik, mayoritas termasuk kelompok multipara, dan sebagian besar patuh melakukan kunjungan ANC sesuai standar. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan dengan kepatuhan ANC (p-value = 0,003) serta terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara paritas dengan kepatuhan Antenatal Care (ANC) (p-value = 0,021) di PMB Azimah Kota Jambi Tahun 2026. Disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan dan paritas berhubungan dengan kepatuhan Antenatal Care (ANC) pada ibu hamil. Tenaga kesehatan diharapkan meningkatkan edukasi tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan pada setiap kunjungan ANC agar kepatuhan ibu hamil semakin meningkat.

Pregnancy danger signs are signs or symptoms indicating complications during pregnancy that require immediate medical attention. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2024, the global maternal mortality ratio in 2021 reached 395 per 100,000 live births. In Indonesia, 4,129 maternal deaths were recorded in 2023, with hypertension accounting for the highest proportion (30%). Insufficient knowledge of pregnancy danger signs and differences in pregnancy experience based on parity may influence pregnant women's compliance with Antenatal Care (ANC) visits. This study aimed to determine the relationship between pregnant women's knowledge and parity regarding pregnancy danger signs and their compliance with Antenatal Care (ANC) at PMB Azimah, Jambi City, in 2026. This study employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 44 pregnant women selected using the total sampling technique. Data were collected using a knowledge questionnaire and observation sheets/Maternal and Child Health (MCH) books, then analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-Square test at a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that most respondents had good knowledge, the majority were multiparous, and most were compliant with the recommended ANC visits. Bivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between pregnant women's knowledge of pregnancy danger signs and ANC compliance (p-value = 0.003), as well as a significant relationship between parity and ANC compliance (p-value = 0.021) at PMB Azimah, Jambi City, in 2026. In conclusion, knowledge and parity were significantly associated with pregnant women's compliance with Antenatal Care (ANC). Health care providers are expected to enhance education on pregnancy danger signs during every ANC visit to improve maternal compliance with ANC services. References: 48 (2013–2024).