PENERAPAN TERAPI MEDICAL PLAY TERHADAP PENURUNAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN HOSPITALISASI ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Hospitalisasi pada anak usia prasekolah (3–6 tahun) dapat menimbulkan kecemasan akibat lingkungan asing dan prosedur medis. Kecemasan dapat menyebabkan anak menangis, menolak tindakan, gelisah, dan kurang kooperatif. Terapi medical play merupakan intervensi nonfarmakologis yang membantu anak mengenal peralatan serta prosedur medis melalui aktivitas bermain. Tujuan: Mengetahui hasil implementasi terapi medical play terhadap penurunan tingkat kecemasan hospitalisasi pada anak usia prasekolah. Metode: Menggunakan studi kasus deskriptif terapan pada dua anak usia prasekolah dengan diagnosis febris yang menjalani rawat inap di Ruang Anggrek RSUD dr. Soeratno Gemolong Sragen.Tingkat kecemasan diukur sebelum dan sesudah intervensi menggunakan Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale-Parent version (SCAS-P). Intervensi dilakukan satu sesi selama ±20 menit menggunakan alat medis asli atau replika dengan pendampingan orang tua. Hasil: Setelah diberikan terapi medical play, kedua responden mengalami penurunan tingkat kecemasan dan menunjukkan perilaku lebih tenang serta kooperatif terhadap perawat dan tindakan medis. Kesimpulan: Terapi medical play dapat membantu menurunkan kecemasan hospitalisasi pada anak usia prasekolah.

Background: Background: Hospitalization in preschool children (3–6 years) can cause anxiety due to unfamiliar environments and medical procedures. Anxiety may cause children to cry, refuse medical procedures, become restless, and be less cooperative. Medical play is a non-pharmacological intervention that helps children become familiar with medical equipment and procedures through play activities.Objective: To determine the results of implementing medical play therapy in reducing hospitalization anxiety among preschool children. Methods: This study used an applied descriptive case study involving two preschool children with a diagnosis of febrile illness who were hospitalized in the Anggrek Ward of RSUD dr. Soeratno Gemolong Sragen. Anxiety levels were measured before and after the intervention using the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale-Parent Version (SCAS-P). The intervention was conducted in one session for approximately 20 minutes using real or replica medical equipment with parental assistance. Results: After receiving medical play therapy, both respondents experienced a decrease in anxiety levels and demonstrated calmer and more cooperative behavior toward nurses and medical procedures. Conclusion: Medical play therapy can help reduce hospitalization anxiety in preschool children.