PENERAPAN RELAKSASI OTOT PROGRESIF DAN TERAPI MUSIK RELAKSASI TERHADAP KUALITAS TIDUR DAN AMARAH PADA PASIEN SKIZOFRENIA DENGAN RESIKO PERILAKU KEKERASAN

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Skizofrenia merupakan gangguan mental kronis yang sering disertai risiko perilaku kekerasan akibat ketidakmampuan mengontrol amarah serta gangguan kualitas tidur. Kondisi ini dapat memperburuk status klinis dan menghambat rehabilitasi pasien. Relaksasi otot progresif dan terapi musik relaksasi merupakan intervensi nonfarmakologis yang berpotensi meningkatkan regulasi emosi dan kualitas tidur. Tujuan: Menganalisis perbedaan tingkat amarah dan kualitas tidur sebelum dan sesudah penerapan relaksasi otot progresif dengan terapi musik pada pasien skizofrenia dengan risiko perilaku kekerasan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi kasus deskriptif dengan pendekatan pre-test dan post-test pada dua responden di ruang Nakula RSJD dr. Arif Zainudin Surakarta. Pengukuran amarah menggunakan State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2) dan kualitas tidur menggunakan Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Intervensi diberikan selama 4 hari dengan durasi 25–30 menit per sesi. Hasil: Sebelum intervensi, responden 1 memiliki skor S-Anger 45, T-Anger 30, AX-O 26, AX-I 22, AC-O 15, AC-I 14, dan responden 2 memiliki skor S-Anger 42, T-Anger 29, AX-O 25, AX-I 21, AC-O 16, AC-I 15, yang menunjukkan amarah kategori sedang dengan ekspresi marah keluar tinggi dan kontrol emosi rendah. Kualitas tidur kedua responden juga buruk dengan skor PSQI 10 dan 9. Setelah intervensi, terjadi penurunan ekspresi marah dan peningkatan kontrol emosi, disertai perbaikan kualitas tidur. Kesimpulan: Relaksasi otot progresif dengan terapi musik efektif menurunkan amarah dan meningkatkan kualitas tidur pada pasien skizofrenia dengan risiko perilaku kekerasan.

Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder often accompanied by a risk of violent behavior due to impaired anger control and poor sleep quality. These conditions can worsen clinical outcomes and hinder patient rehabilitation. Progressive muscle relaxation and relaxation music therapy are non-pharmacological interventions that have the potential to improve emotional regulation and sleep quality. Objective: To analyze the differences in anger levels and sleep quality before and after the implementation of progressive muscle relaxation combined with music therapy in patients with schizophrenia at risk of violent behavior. Methods: This study used a descriptive case study design with a pre-test and post-test approach involving two respondents in the Nakula ward of RSJD Dr. Arif Zainudin Surakarta. Anger levels were measured using the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2), while sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The intervention was conducted for 4 days with a duration of 25–30 minutes per session. Result: Before the intervention, respondent 1 had scores of S-Anger 45, T-Anger 30, AX-O 26, AX-I 22, AC-O 15, and AC-I 14, while respondent 2 had scores of S-Anger 42, T-Anger 29, AX-O 25, AX-I 21, AC-O 16, and AC-I 15, indicating moderate anger with high outward anger expression and low emotional control. Both respondents also had poor sleep quality with PSQI scores of 10 and 9. After the intervention, there was a decrease in anger expression and an improvement in emotional control, accompanied by improved sleep quality. Conclusion: Progressive muscle relaxation combined with music therapy is effective in reducing anger and improving sleep quality in patients with schizophrenia at risk of violent behavior.